Data and Their Representation

1. What is data defined as in its raw form?

A) Information
B) Processed information
C) Collection of information
D) Numerical value

Correct Answer: C) Collection of information

2. What is the singular form of 'data'?

A) Statistic
B) Datum
C) Data point
D) Variable

Correct Answer: B) Datum

3. In which sense is the term 'statistics' used?

A) Only singular
B) Only plural
C) Both plural and singular
D) None of the above

Correct Answer: C) Both plural and singular

4. What type of variable takes only finite values?

A) Continuous variable
B) Discrete variable
C) Observational variable
D) Categorical variable

Correct Answer: B) Discrete variable

5. What is the process of arranging raw data in a systematic order called?

A) Collection
B) Analysis
C) Seriation
D) Validation

Correct Answer: C) Seriation

6. How is frequency defined in the context of data?

A) The number of different variables
B) The number of times a value occurs
C) The average value of observations
D) The total number of observations

Correct Answer: B) The number of times a value occurs

7. What type of frequency distribution is based on a single variable?

A) Bivariate frequency distribution
B) Multivariate frequency distribution
C) Univariate frequency distribution
D) Grouped frequency distribution

Correct Answer: C) Univariate frequency distribution

8. What is a grouped frequency distribution?

A) Frequencies of distinct values
B) Frequencies divided into groups
C) Frequencies of only continuous variables
D) Frequencies of non-numerical data

Correct Answer: B) Frequencies divided into groups

9. In a frequency table, what is the mid-point of a class?

A) The upper limit of the class
B) The lower limit of the class
C) The average of the upper and lower limits
D) The total frequency

Correct Answer: C) The average of the upper and lower limits

10. What is the difference between the upper and lower limits of a class called?

A) Frequency
B) Class width
C) Class limit
D) Magnitude

Correct Answer: B) Class width

11. Which of the following is a characteristic of continuous variables?

A) They take finite values
B) They can assume all values within a range
C) They are always whole numbers
D) They are not measurable

Correct Answer: B) They can assume all values within a range

12. What type of frequency distribution shows the relationship between two variables?

A) Univariate frequency distribution
B) Bivariate frequency distribution
C) Discrete frequency distribution
D) Grouped frequency distribution

Correct Answer: B) Bivariate frequency distribution

13. What is the purpose of frequency distribution?

A) To summarize raw data
B) To collect raw data
C) To visualize data without numbers
D) To create random data

Correct Answer: A) To summarize raw data

14. Which of the following represents ungrouped data?

A) Data arranged in groups
B) Data in its original form
C) Data without frequency
D) Data converted to information

Correct Answer: B) Data in its original form

15. What is the purpose of arranging data in an array?

A) To randomize data
B) To organize data for easier analysis
C) To eliminate data
D) To combine data

Correct Answer: B) To organize data for easier analysis

16. What is the primary benefit of using graphs to represent frequency distribution?

A) They require less space
B) They make data intelligible and easier to compare
C) They are more complex
D) They eliminate the need for calculations

Correct Answer: B) They make data intelligible and easier to compare

17. Which of the following is NOT a type of graph used for representing frequency distributions?

A) Histogram
B) Frequency Polygon
C) Line Chart
D) Cumulative Frequency Curve

Correct Answer: C) Line Chart

18. In a histogram, the heights of the rectangles are proportional to what?

A) The mid-points of the class-intervals
B) The frequencies of the respective classes
C) The cumulative frequencies
D) The total number of observations

Correct Answer: B) The frequencies of the respective classes

19. How is a frequency polygon constructed?

A) By drawing rectangles for each class
B) By plotting mid-points of class-intervals and joining them with straight lines
C) By using curved lines only
D) By calculating averages of the frequencies

Correct Answer: B) By plotting mid-points of class-intervals and joining them with straight lines

20. What characterizes a frequency curve?

A) It has sharp turns
B) It is a continuous smooth curve without sudden changes
C) It only represents cumulative frequencies
D) It is always in the form of a polygon

Correct Answer: B) It is a continuous smooth curve without sudden changes

21. What is an ogive?

A) A type of histogram
B) A cumulative frequency polygon
C) A frequency curve
D) A linear graph

Correct Answer: B) A cumulative frequency polygon

22. In a cumulative frequency curve, what are the x-coordinates based on?

A) Frequencies
B) Upper limits of the classes
C) Mid-points of the classes
D) Lower limits of the classes

Correct Answer: B) Upper limits of the classes

23. What is the main purpose of a frequency curve?

A) To show total counts
B) To summarize categorical data
C) To smooth out the frequency polygon for better clarity
D) To represent discrete data only

Correct Answer: C) To smooth out the frequency polygon for better clarity

24. What do you obtain by plotting more than cumulative frequency against lower limits?

A) Less than type cumulative frequency polygon
B) Frequency polygon
C) More than type cumulative frequency polygon
D) Histogram

Correct Answer: A) Less than type cumulative frequency polygon

25. Which graph begins and ends at the baseline?

A) Histogram
B) Frequency Polygon
C) Frequency Curve
D) Cumulative Frequency Curve

Correct Answer: C) Frequency Curve

26. What is a characteristic of a histogram?

A) It has continuous lines
B) It consists of rectangles with heights proportional to frequencies
C) It represents cumulative frequencies only
D) It uses mid-points of classes

Correct Answer: B) It consists of rectangles with heights proportional to frequencies

27. How are points plotted in a frequency polygon?

A) By using frequency as x-coordinates
B) By plotting central values of class-intervals as x-coordinates and frequencies as y-coordinates
C) By using cumulative frequencies only
D) By random selection of points

Correct Answer: B) By plotting central values of class-intervals as x-coordinates and frequencies as y-coordinates

28. Which type of graph is typically used to show cumulative frequency?

A) Histogram
B) Frequency Curve
C) Ogive
D) Bar Graph

Correct Answer: C) Ogive

29. What happens to a frequency polygon when it is smoothed further?

A) It becomes a histogram
B) It becomes a cumulative frequency polygon
C) It becomes a frequency curve
D) It becomes a line chart

Correct Answer: C) It becomes a frequency curve

30. Why might poorly constructed messages hinder effective listening in a presentation?

A) They provide too much information
B) They may distract from the main message
C) They confuse the audience
D) All of the above

Correct Answer: D) All of the above

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5.1 - Data and Their Representation - MCQs

Interactive MCQs Quiz